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Artwork

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Bruce White
Year:
Theme: Portrait
ID 17 (Ceroni 91)
Léon Indenbaum
1916
Alternate titles: Leon Indenbaum; Portrait de Indebaum; Portrait de Léon Indenbaum; Portrait du peintre Léon Lindenbaum [sic]
Oil on canvas
21 1/2 x 18 in. (54.6 x 45.7 cm)
Front, upper center: IN [reversed] DE[N]BAUM; lower right: MODIGLIANI
Reverse no longer visible
Creation location: Paris, Indenbaum studio
Promised gift to the Brooklyn Museum from the Henry and Rose Pearlman Foundation.
Provenance
Léon Indenbaum, Paris, gift of the artist (1916)1
Georges Chéron, Paris (1916)…2
Galerie Charles-Auguste Girard, Paris (after 1926)…3
Possibly Maurice Girardin, Paris (by 1937)4
[Hôtel Drouot, Paris, Tableaux modernes, aquarelles, pastel, gouaches, dessins; sculptures Africaines et Océaniennes, July 1, 1937, lot 151; bought in]…
Galerie Zak, Paris5
Henry Pearlman, New York (by 1949)6
Henry and Rose Pearlman Foundation (after 1974)7
Brooklyn Museum, New York, by gift (2026)8
1. See the Commentary below.
2. Henry and Rose Pearlman Collection website.
3. MV 2220–2425, Les galeries, Galerie Charles-Auguste Girard, no. 2317. Fonds Marc Vaux, Bibliotheque Kandinsky, Centre Pompidou, Paris. A photograph of the painting taken by Marc Vaux is marked Galerie Girard. Under the direction of Charles-Auguste Girard (1884–1968), the gallery opened in 1926 and closed in 1935.
4. Archives 162/62/13 vente du 1er juillet 1937, Alphonse Bellier, fonds Guy Loudmer, Institut national d'histoire de l'art (INHA), Paris. The name of the painting's seller is listed in the records as "Monsieur Girardin" of 35, rue la Boétie. This may have been Dr. Maurice Girardin (1884–1951), a dental surgeon-turned-art dealer, who was a backer of Galerie Le Licorne at 110, rue la Boétie from 1921 through 1923. Girardin built a substantial art collection over the years. Malcolm Gee, Dealers, Critics, and Collectors of Modern Painting: Aspects of the Parisian Art Market Between 1910 and 1930 (New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1981), 89, fn. 1; p. 92. Alternatively, 35, rue la Boétie was the address of the gallery run by Marcel Bernheim (?–1936). The painting did not sell during the auction and was likely returned to Girardin.
5. Henry and Rose Pearlman Collection website. Vladimir Raykis (dates unknown), the manager of Galerie Zak, was a good friend of Pearlman's.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Credit line confirmed by Daniel Edelman, email of November 4, 2025.
Commentary

New York art collector Henry Pearlman (1895–1974) acquired the portrait in Paris in the late 1940s. Diligent about recording the history of the artwork in his collection, Pearlman was delighted to have the opportunity to meet the model, the Russian-born sculptor Léon Indenbaum (1890–1981), who explained how his portrait came to be.1 As Pearlman recalled, the story went:

"One night, Modigliani, while rather drunk, saw Indenbaum at a café and said he would like to paint his portrait, if Indenbaum would furnish a canvas and an easel to work on. The following morning at nine, Modigliani arrived, spruced up and ready to get to work. Indenbaum had various canvases of paintings by contemporary artists at his atelier. They had been returned, unsold and unclaimed, from a sale for a charitable fund. After turning down several of these canvases because he thought the paintings were too good to spoil, Modigliani found a still-life that he thought could be sacrificed, so he scraped off the heavy paint and commenced.

After three morning sittings of about four hours each, the portrait was finished, and presented to Indenbaum. On looking at it carefully one can see the table and bottle that were part of the original still-life. Several weeks later, Indenbaum, being short of money, sold his portrait for forty francs (eight dollars). When he finally explained to Modigliani that he was forced to sell it, Modigliani said, 'That's all right, I'll do it again.' However, this never happened."

Canvas information
Based on Indenbaum's recollections, his portrait was painted over a composition of a landscape by an unknown painter.

  1. Henry and Rose Pearlman Collection website
Exhibitions
1951 Cleveland and New York
Cleveland Museum of Art, Modigliani: Paintings, Drawings, Sculpture, January 30–March 18, 1951, unnum., ill. in b/w, p. 34, as Léon Indenbaum. Traveled to: Museum of Modern Art, New York, April 11–June 10, 1951.
Published References
Pfannstiel 1956
Pfannstiel, Arthur. Modigliani et son œuvre. Paris: Bibliotèque des Arts, 1956. Monograph, no. 113, as Portrait du peintre Léon Lindenbaum [sic], dated 1917.
Ceroni 1970
Ceroni, Ambrogio. I dipinti di Modigliani. Milan: Rizzoli Editore, 1970. Monograph, no. 91, p. 92, ill. in b/w, as Léon Indenbaum.
Model
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Record last updated April 3, 2026. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Modigliani Initiative. "Léon Indenbaum, 1916 (ID 17)." In Amedeo Modigliani Digital Catalogue. catalogue.modigliani-initiative.org/catalogue/entry.php?id=17 (accessed on May 11, 2026).